Mandara

Mandara

Yankuna masu yawan jama'a
Kameru da Najeriya

Mutanen Mandara ko Wandala ko kuma Mandwara kungiyar kabila ce dake Tsakiyar Afurka wacce ake samunsu a yankin arewacin Kamaru da sashin arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, da kuma kudu maso gabashin Chadi.^[1] Suna magana da harshen Wandala wanda ke daga cikin reshen yarukan Chadi na Afro-Asiatic da ake samu a yankunan arewa maso gabashin Afurka.^[2]

Babu tsayayyen labari akan asalinsu. Suna rayuwa a yankin tsaunuka da kwari dag arewacin Kogin Benue na kasar Kamaru, kuma sun dade da zama sashen Masarautar Musulunci na Mandara.^[3] Yankin ta fuskanci cinikayyar bayi da kuma fataucin sashin sahara na Afurka har zuwa karni na 19.^[4] An san mutanen Mandara da kwarewa a fannin tseren dawaki da kuma sarrafa karafuna,^[5] da al'ummarta dake zamantakewa cikin tsari.^[6][7][8]

1. ↑ Mandara/Wandala Muller-Kosack Ethnic Handbook (1999).
2. ↑ (Wandala, Ethnologue; Wandala: A language of Cameroon.
3. ↑ J. D. Fage; Richard Gray; Roland Anthony Oliver (1975). The Cambridge History of Africa. Cambridge University Press. pp. 82–83, 87–88, 99–106, 129–135. ISBN 978-0-521-20413-2.
4. ↑ J. D. Fage; Richard Gray; Roland Anthony Oliver (1975). The Cambridge History of Africa. Cambridge University Press. pp. 131–135. ISBN 978-0-521-20413-2.
5. ↑ David Nicholas (2012, Editor), Metals in Mandara mountains' society and culture, Africa World Press, ISBN 978-1592218905, see Cameroon and Nigeria-related chapters: The development of endogamy among smiths of the Mandara mountains eastern piedmont: myths, history and material evidence by Olivier Langlois; and The wife of the village: understanding caste in the Mandara mountains by James H. Wade
6. ↑ Sterner, Judy; David, Nicholas (1991). "Gender and Caste in the Mandara Highlands: Northeastern Nigeria and Northern Cameroon". Ethnology. University of Pittsburgh Press. 30 (4): 355–369. doi:10.2307/3773690. JSTOR 3773690.
7. ↑ Michael S. Bisson; Terry S. Childs; De Philip Barros; et al. (2000). Ancient African Metallurgy: The Sociocultural Context. AltaMira. pp. 160, 174–177. ISBN 978-1-4617-0592-5.
8. ↑ Nicholas David; Carol Kramer (2001). Ethnoarchaeology in Action. Cambridge University Press. pp. 75, 102–103, 206–221, 341. ISBN 978-0-521-66779-1.